Mäkilä and Partington : Input – Output

Input – Output Stabilization of Linear Systems on

A formal framework is set up for the discussion of generalized autoregressive with external input models of the form = , where and are linear operators, with the main emphasis being on signal spaces consisting of bounded sequences parametrized by the integers. Different notions of stability are explored, and topological notions such as the idea of a closed system are linked with questions of st...

On linear models for nonlinear systems

The Effect of Input, Input-output andOutput-input Modes of Teaching on Vocabulary Learning of Iranian EFL Learners

This study was designed to find which one of the three different presentations, i.e. input, input-output, and output-input, will be more effective in Iranian EFL learners' vocabulary acquisitions. To this end, first 54 out of 64 female students, aged from 19 to 23 years, with an average of 21, were selected out of starter-level EFL learners at the University of Tarbiat Moalem in Bandar Abbas, I...

The Effect of Comprehensible Input and Comprehensible Output on the Accuracy and Complexity of Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral Speech

This study aimed at investigating the relative impact of comprehensible input and comprehensible output on the development of grammatical accuracy and syntactic complexity of Iranian EFL learners’ oral production. Participants were 60 female EFL learners selected from a whole population pool of 80 based on the standard test of IELTS. To investigate the research questions, the participants were ...

Effect of Input vs. Collaborative Output Tasks on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Grammatical Accuracy and Willingness to Communicate

This study explored the effect of input vs. collaborative output tasks on Iranian EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy and their willingness to communicate (WTC). In so doing, the study utilized 3 input (i.e., textual enhancement, processing instruction, and discourse) and 3 collaborative output (i.e., dictogloss, reconstruction cloze task, and jigsaw) tasks and compared their effects on 5 Englis...